Basics of Psychology :: essays research papers

I. biologic bases of behaviorStudents should recognize biological psychology as a lieu of psychology. Specifically, students should recognize1.The organization of the sick system into the CNS and PNS The Central noisome System-CNS- Brain and Spinal Cord. The Peripheral Nervous System-PNS- are the Nerves alfresco of the brain and spinal cord.2.The structure and functions of neurons Neurons are the basic building blocks of the nervous system. The human central nervous system contains about 100 trillion neurons. Neurons have a communicative role in the nervous system. Neurons stinkpot receive, integrate, and transmit information. 3. How neurotransmitters are related to behavior Acetylcholine (Ach) - Activates motor neurons controlling emaciated muscles. Contributes to the regulation of attention, arousal, and memory. Some Ach receptors stimulated by nicotine (the nicotine acts like Ach itself and binds to receptor sites for Ach).dopamine (DA) Contributes to control of voluntary movement, pleasurable emotions. Decreased levels associated with Parkinsons disease. Over application at DA synapses with schizophrenia. Cocaine and amphetamine elevate activity at DA synapses. Norephinephrine (NE) Contributes to modulation of mood and arousal. Cocaine and amphetamines elevate activity at NE synapses. Serotonin (SHT) Involved in regulation of sleep and wakefulness, eating, and aggression. brachydactylic levels may contribute to depression and OCD. Prozac and Zoloft are antidepressant drugs that affect serotonin. GABA (gamma-amino butyric acid) Most common inhibitory NT. diazepam and Xanex (also alcohol) are anti-anxiety drugs that work at GABA synapses. GABA appears to be trustworthy for much of the inhibition in the CNS. GABA contributes to the regulation of anxiety. 4.The specialized functions of the brains hemisphere The Hindbrain consists of the medulla, oblongata, pons, and the cerebellum. The medulla contains 3 vital centersCardiac center- This control s rate and jampack of the heart beatVasomotor center-adjust blood vessel diameter to spoil blood pressure and reroute blood from one part of the body to another.inhalator centers- control the rate and depth of breathing. Pons contains nuclei that relay signals from the cerebrum to the cerebellum. It is concerned with sleep, hearing, equilibrium, taste, affectionateness movement, facial expressions, facial sensations, respirations, swallowing, bladder control and posture.Cerebellum- mostly concerned with sizeable coordination. Midbrain- Short segment of the brainstem that connects the hindbrain and forebrain.Reticular Formation- runs vertically through with(predicate) the core of the midbrain, pons, and medulla, it functions modulations of muscle reflexes, breathing, and pain perception it has an equal role in the regulation of sleep and arousal.